变更记录
方案名称
动画 - Core Animation 之 CABaseAnimation
关键字
动画 \ Core Animation \ CALayer \ CAAnimation \ CAPropertyAnimation \ CABaseAnimation \ CAKeyframeAnimation \ CATransition \ CAAnimationGroup
需求场景
- 使用 Core Animation 实现动画需求
参考链接
- CSDN - CABasicAnimation的基本使用方法(移动·旋转·放大·缩小)
- 博客园 - CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath 一些规定的值
- 简书 - 干货系列之手把手教你使用Core animation 做动画 (推荐)
- 《核心动画编程指南》
详细内容
#####1.继承关系
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| @interface CAAnimation : NSObject <NSCoding, NSCopying, CAMediaTiming, CAAction>
@interface CAPropertyAnimation : CAAnimation
@interface CABasicAnimation : CAPropertyAnimation
@interface CAKeyframeAnimation : CAPropertyAnimation
@interface CATransition : CAAnimation
@interface CAAnimationGroup : CAAnimation
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#####2.使用说明
######1. 定义一个 CABasicAnimation
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| // 指定position属性 CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];
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######2. 设定动画属性
属性 |
说明 |
duration |
动画时长(秒为单位) |
repeatCount |
重复次数。永久重复的话设置为HUGE_VALF |
beginTime |
指定动画开始时间。从开始指定延迟几秒执行的话,请设置为「CACurrentMediaTime() + 秒数」的形式 |
timingFunction |
设定动画的速度变化 |
autoreverses |
动画结束时是否执行逆动画 |
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| animation.duration = 2.5; // 动画持续时间 animation.repeatCount = 1; // 不重复 animation.beginTime = CACurrentMediaTime() + 2; // 2秒后执行 animation.autoreverses = YES; // 结束后执行逆动画
// 动画先加速后减速 animation.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName: kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
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######3. 设定动画的开始帧和结束帧
设定动画开始和结束帧时的状态。设定的值会变为 KeyPath 所指定的属性的值。
属性 |
说明 |
fromValue |
开始值 |
toValue |
终了值(絶対値) |
byValue |
终了值(相对值) |
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| // 指定position属性(移动) CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];
・・・
// 设定动画起始帧和结束帧 animation.fromValue = [NSValue valueWithCGPoint:CGPointMake(0, 0)]; // 起始点 animation.toValue = [NSValue valueWithCGPoint:CGPointMake(320, 480)]; // 终了点
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######4. 添加动画
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| [myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"move-layer"];
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######5. 动画结束恢复初始状态(可选)
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| // 动画终了后不返回初始状态 animation.removedOnCompletion = NO; animation.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards;
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#####2.使用举例
######1. 移动动画
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| /* 移动 */ CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];
// 动画选项的设定 animation.duration = 2.5; // 持续时间 animation.repeatCount = 1; // 重复次数
// 起始帧和终了帧的设定 animation.fromValue = [NSValue valueWithCGPoint:myView.layer.position]; // 起始帧 animation.toValue = [NSValue valueWithCGPoint:CGPointMake(320, 480)]; // 终了帧
// 添加动画 [myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"move-layer"];
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######2. 旋转动画
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| /* 旋转 */
// 对Y轴进行旋转(指定Z轴的话,就和UIView的动画一样绕中心旋转) CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.rotation.y"];
// 设定动画选项 animation.duration = 2.5; // 持续时间 animation.repeatCount = 1; // 重复次数
// 设定旋转角度 animation.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.0]; // 起始角度 animation.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:2 * M_PI]; // 终止角度
// 添加动画 [myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"rotate-layer"];
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######3. 缩放动画
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| /* 放大缩小 */
// 设定为缩放 CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"];
// 动画选项设定 animation.duration = 2.5; // 动画持续时间 animation.repeatCount = 1; // 重复次数 animation.autoreverses = YES; // 动画结束时执行逆动画
// 缩放倍数 animation.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.0]; // 开始时的倍率 animation.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:2.0]; // 结束时的倍率
// 添加动画 [myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"scale-layer"];
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######4. 组合动画
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| /* 动画1(在X轴方向移动) */ CABasicAnimation *animation1 = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.x"];
// 终点设定 animation1.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:80];; // 終点
/* 动画2(绕Z轴中心旋转) */ CABasicAnimation *animation2 = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.rotation.z"];
// 设定旋转角度 animation2.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.0]; // 开始时的角度 animation2.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:4 * M_PI]; // 结束时的角度
/* 动画组 */ CAAnimationGroup *group = [CAAnimationGroup animation];
// 动画选项设定 group.duration = 3.0; group.repeatCount = 1;
// 添加动画 group.animations = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:animation1, animation2, nil]; [myView.layer addAnimation:group forKey:@"move-rotate-layer"];
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######5. 捕获动画开始时和终了时的事件
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| /* 移动 */ CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.y"]; animation.delegate = self; // 指定委托对象
// 设定动画选项 animation.duration = 2.5; // 动画时长 animation.repeatCount = 1; // 重复次数
// 终点设定 animation.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:100];; // 终点
// 添加动画 [myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"move-layer"];
・・・
/** * 动画开始时 */ - (void)animationDidStart:(CAAnimation *)theAnimation { NSLog(@"begin"); }
/** * 动画结束时 */ - (void)animationDidStop:(CAAnimation *)theAnimation finished:(BOOL)flag { NSLog(@"end"); }
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######6. 几个可以用来实现热门APP应用PATH中menu效果的几个方法
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| +(CABasicAnimation *)opacityForever_Animation:(float)time //永久闪烁的动画 { CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"opacity"]; animation.fromValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.0]; animation.toValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.0]; animation.autoreverses=YES; animation.duration=time; animation.repeatCount=FLT_MAX; animation.removedOnCompletion=NO; animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards; return animation; }
+(CABasicAnimation *)opacityTimes_Animation:(float)repeatTimes durTimes:(float)time; //有闪烁次数的动画 { CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"opacity"]; animation.fromValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.0]; animation.toValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.4]; animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes; animation.duration=time; animation.removedOnCompletion=NO; animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards; animation.timingFunction=[CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseIn]; animation.autoreverses=YES; return animation; }
+(CABasicAnimation *)moveX:(float)time X:(NSNumber *)x //横向移动 { CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.x"]; animation.toValue=x; animation.duration=time; animation.removedOnCompletion=NO; animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards; return animation; }
+(CABasicAnimation *)moveY:(float)time Y:(NSNumber *)y //纵向移动 { CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.y"]; animation.toValue=y; animation.duration=time; animation.removedOnCompletion=NO; animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards; return animation; }
+(CABasicAnimation *)scale:(NSNumber *)Multiple orgin:(NSNumber *)orginMultiple durTimes:(float)time Rep:(float)repeatTimes //缩放 { CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"]; animation.fromValue=orginMultiple; animation.toValue=Multiple; animation.duration=time; animation.autoreverses=YES; animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes; animation.removedOnCompletion=NO; animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards; return animation; }
+(CAAnimationGroup *)groupAnimation:(NSArray *)animationAry durTimes:(float)time Rep:(float)repeatTimes //组合动画 { CAAnimationGroup *animation=[CAAnimationGroup animation]; animation.animations=animationAry; animation.duration=time; animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes; animation.removedOnCompletion=NO; animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards; return animation; }
+(CAKeyframeAnimation *)keyframeAniamtion:(CGMutablePathRef)path durTimes:(float)time Rep:(float)repeatTimes //路径动画 { CAKeyframeAnimation *animation=[CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"]; animation.path=path; animation.removedOnCompletion=NO; animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards; animation.timingFunction=[CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseIn]; animation.autoreverses=NO; animation.duration=time; animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes; return animation; }
+(CABasicAnimation *)movepoint:(CGPoint )point //点移动 { CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation"]; animation.toValue=[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:point]; animation.removedOnCompletion=NO; animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards; return animation; }
+(CABasicAnimation *)rotation:(float)dur degree:(float)degree direction:(int)direction repeatCount:(int)repeatCount //旋转 { CATransform3D rotationTransform = CATransform3DMakeRotation(degree, 0, 0,direction); CABasicAnimation* animation; animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform"]; animation.toValue= [NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:rotationTransform]; animation.duration= dur; animation.autoreverses= NO; animation.cumulative= YES; animation.removedOnCompletion=NO; animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards; animation.repeatCount= repeatCount; animation.delegate= self; return animation; }
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效果图
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